![]() ![]() Biological monitoring of pesticide exposures in residents living near agricultural land. Galea KS, MacCalman L, Jones K, Cocker J, Teedon P, Sleeuwenhoek AJ, et al. Summary of principles for evaluating health risks in children associated with exposure to chemicals. SVOC partitioning between the gas phase and settled dust indoors. Pesticides in house dust from urban and farmworker households in California: an observational measurement study. Quirós-Alcalá L, Bradman A, Nishioka M, Harnly ME, Hubbard A, McKone TE, et al. Organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticide urinary metabolite concentrations in young children living in a southeastern United States city. Naeher LP, Tulve NS, Egeghy PP, Barr DB, Adetona O, Fortmann RC, et al. Multimedia measurements and activity patterns in an observational pilot study of nine young children. Tulve NS, Egeghy PP, Fortmann RC, Whitaker DA, Nishioka MG, Naeher LP, et al. Pesticide loadings of select organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in urban public housing. Julien R, Adamkiewicz G, Levy JI, Bennett D, Nishioka M, Spengler JD. Assessing children’s dietary pesticide exposure: direct measurement of pesticide residues in 24-hr duplicate food samples. Pesticides and their metabolites in the homes and urine of farmworker children living in the Salinas Valley, CA. 2007 104:266–74.īradman A, Whitaker D, Quirós L, Castorina R, Henn BC, Nishioka M, et al. An observational study of 127 preschool children at their homes and daycare centers in Ohio: environmental pathways to cis-and trans-permethrin exposure. Morgan MK, Sheldon LS, Croghan CW, Jones PA, Chuang JC, Wilson NK. A longitudinal approach to assessing urban and suburban children’s exposure to pyrethroid pesticides. Lu C, Barr DB, Pearson M, Bartell S, Bravo R. Children’s exposures to pyrethroid insecticides at home: a review of data collected in published exposure measurement studies conducted in the United States. Adverse health effects of children’s exposure to pesticides: what do we really know and what can be done about it. Jurewicz J, Hanke W, Johansson C, Lundqvist C, Ceccatelli S, Van Den Hazel P, et al. Characteristics and magnitude of acute pesticide‐related illnesses and injuries associated with pyrethrin and pyrethroid exposures-11 states, 2000–2008. Hudson NL, Kasner EJ, Beckman J, Mehler L, Schwartz A, Higgins S, et al. Thus, the use of stationary samples and settled dust samples may underestimate a toddler’s personal inhalation exposure to pyrethroids in residential houses. Pyrethroids concentrations in the settled dust samples were significantly lower than that measured in the stationary and mobile samples in the carpeted floor experiments. The mean pyrethroid airborne concentrations in the stationary and mobile samples were 0.065 μg/m 3 and 0.143 μg/m 3 for the vinyl floor with 1 g/m 2 dust loading, and 0.034 μg/m 3 and 0.061 μg/m 3 for the carpeted floor with 10 g/m 2 dust loading, respectively. We performed simulated pyrethroid residential spray and dust resuspension experiments on vinyl and carpeted floors. We simulated the dust resuspension induced by a toddler using a robot, which also served as a platform to collect air samples at the toddler’s breathing zone height. Directly measuring a toddler’s exposure to household dust presents many logistic challenges. Young children move and play in a manner that resuspends dust, and since their breathing zone is close to the floor, they will have higher inhalation exposure to pesticide-laden dust than other age groups. Household dust is a recognized reservoir for pyrethroids and a potential medium for multi-route pyrethroid exposure. Application of pyrethroid insecticides in residential settings may result in children’s exposures to these chemicals and possible adverse health effects. ![]()
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